Abstract
Insulation pressboard samples were obtained by thermal aging (according to Montsinger’s formula, at 130 °C, the pressboard is heated for 0 to 32 days) and discharge experiments. SEM images of samples were analysed. Image segmentation was applied to calculate the fibre width, cross-sectional porosity, and carbon-trace area. Inter-layer fibre models were established to observe fibre morphology using 3-D reconstruction. The initial discharge voltage decreased with age, and the discharge amounts increased. After 16 days of aging, the fibre width had decreased to between 68.1% and 81.8% of unaged pressboard. As the aging increased, cellulose hydrogen bonds were broken, which affected the expansion of interlayer pores, increasing the porosity of the pressboard. After 32 days of aging, the porosity increased to 2.38 times that of a new pressboard. In addition, the longer the aging, the larger the area of carbon marks caused by the discharge breakdown. With the aggravation of thermal aging, the insulating property of pressboard decreased due to the decrease of fibre width and increase of porosity that further accelerated the damage to the fibre structure. It was concluded that the fibre width and porosity could be used as criteria to judge the degradation of pressboard.
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