Abstract
The fatigue process of concrete under compressive cyclic loading is still not completely explored. The corresponding damage processes within the material structure are especially not entirely investigated. The application of acoustic measurement methods enables a better insight into the processes of the fatigue in concrete. Normal strength concrete was investigated under compressive cyclic loading with regard to the fatigue process by using acoustic methods in combination with other nondestructive measurement methods. Acoustic emission and ultrasonic signal measurements were applied together with measurements of strains, elastic modulus, and static strength. It was possible to determine the anisotropic character of the fatigue damage caused by uniaxial loading based on the ultrasonic measurements. Furthermore, it was observed that the fatigue damage seems to consist not exclusively of load parallel oriented crack structures. Rather, crack structures perpendicular to the load as well as local compacting are likely components of the fatigue damage. Additionally, the ultrasonic velocity appears to be a good indicator for fatigue damage beside the elastic modulus. It can be concluded that acoustic methods allow an observation of the fatigue process in concrete and a better understanding, especially in combination with further measurement methods.
Highlights
Acoustic Emission and UltrasonicConcrete is the most widely used structural material in the world for the construction of civil structures
Acoustic emissions provide a good indication for the damage processes in concrete
The localization algorithm is based on the arrival times of the signals from one source at different sensors which are strongly influenced by the acoustic velocity of the material which will be changing due to the proceeding material degradation caused by the fatigue loading
Summary
Acoustic Emission and UltrasonicConcrete is the most widely used structural material in the world for the construction of civil structures. The fatigue behavior of concrete is not an issue. For some specific applications, the fatigue behavior is of relevance, such as in bridges, offshore structures, or wind turbines. The relevance of the subject of the fatigue of concrete will continue to increase. In spite of the long history of research, there are still many gaps of knowledge with regard to the fatigue process of concrete. Reasons for this include the strong heterogeneous material structure, the resulting high scatter in material properties, the steady development of new concrete mixtures, as well as the expensive experiments that are necessary
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