Abstract
BackgroundDependence of strength and failure behavior of anisotropic ductile metals on loading direction and on stress state has been indicated by many experiments. To realistically predict safety and lifetime of structures these effects must be taken into account in material models and numerical analysis.ObjectiveThe influence of stress state and loading direction on damage and failure behavior of the anisotropic aluminum alloy EN AW-2017A is investigated.MethodsNew biaxial experiments and numerical simulations have been performed with the H-specimen under different load ratios. Digital image correlation shows evolution of strain fields and scanning electron microscopy is used to visualize failure modes on fracture surfaces. Corresponding numerical studies predict stress states to explain damage and fracture processes on the micro-scale.ResultsThe stress state, the load ratio and the loading direction with respect to the principal axes of anisotropy affect the width and orientation of localized strain fields and the formation of damage mechanisms and fracture modes at the micro-level.ConclusionsThe enhanced experimental program with biaxial tests considering different loading directions and load ratios is suggested for characterization of anisotropic metals.
Highlights
During the last decades many high quality metals and alloys have been developed to fulfill demands from lightweight industry
In the present experimental program the H-specimen is uniand biaxially loaded with four load ratios leading to different stress states in the notched regions
In the third case, the H-specimen is biaxially loaded by F1∕F2 = 1∕ + 1 leading to shear with superimposed tensile behavior in the notched parts
Summary
During the last decades many high quality metals and alloys have been developed to fulfill demands from lightweight industry. As a consequence, detailed analysis of irreversible deformations as well as damage and fracture behavior of these optimized metals and alloys is one of the main issues in engineering [3] allowing proposition of accurate and practically applicable constitutive models [4, 5] These theoretical frameworks and corresponding numerical programs must be based on experiments taking into account different loading directions with respect to the principal axes of anisotropy and a wide range of multi-axial loading conditions causing different stress states to be able to identify material parameters and to validate the constitutive theories for various engineering applications [6]. Conclusions The enhanced experimental program with biaxial tests considering different loading directions and load ratios is suggested for characterization of anisotropic metals
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