Abstract
The design of an e-waste collection policy is challenging, especially for a country like India, where the economy is a developing state, and there is a large diversity in socio-economic factors. The e-waste collection policy impacts the various stakeholders such as the manufacturer, the raw material producers, the assemblers, the retailers, the generator (households and bulk consumers), the scrap dealers, the smelters, the recyclers, and the regulators. The design of an e-waste collection policy needs to consider the appropriate set of Critical Success Factors (CSFs), which will maximise the e-waste collection providing business sustainability to the stakeholders while satisfying the environmental regulations in the operating locations. Twenty-three CSFs identified and categorised in six implication dimensions for the e-waste collection policy framework based on a literature survey and experts committee view. The fuzzy DEMATEL approach is employed to analyse the CSFs to design an e-waste collection policy in India from a comprehensive perspective. Cause and effect interrelationship is established among the CSFs, and also their impacts are evaluated to segregate the CSFs into cause group (prominent influencing and independent) and effect group (influenced and dependent). The CSFs such as technology involvement, green practices, environmental program, certification and licensing, public ethics and stakeholder's awareness for circular economy are prominent influencing CSFs for e-waste collection policy in India. The current study is expected to provide a platform for policymakers to design the e-waste collection policy.
Highlights
In developing countries such as India, the regulatory framework and vigilance are inadequate for mitigating Waste of Electrical and Electronics Equipment (WEEE) related issues at the same time general public awareness is deficient
An explicit formulation of guidelines for environmentally sound management of ewaste was initiated by the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India in the year 2008
An extensive literature review shows that drafting effective e-waste collection policy has been a topic of significant concern for policymakers, as well as the consumers and various other stakeholders who are directly involved in ewaste management activities
Summary
In developing countries such as India, the regulatory framework and vigilance are inadequate for mitigating WEEE related issues at the same time general public awareness is deficient. Okorhi et al (2017) presented a survey of various effects of implementation of e-waste collection policy, including the involvement of local government as well as solid waste handling agencies. An explicit formulation of guidelines for environmentally sound management of ewaste was initiated by the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India in the year 2008 Under this initiation, identification and assessment of various sources of e-waste were made. Several studies have revealed that the implemented e-waste policy in India, along with other developing countries face unique challenges (Patil and Ramakrishna 2020; Singh et al 2020) These include thriving informal sector in the absence of strict enforcement of regulation, lack of public awareness and lack of financial resources to implement the necessary intervention steps needed to manage e-waste.
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