Analysis of creatinine clearance in patients on antimicrobial and analgesic therapy

Abstract

Background: Nephrotoxicity has become increasingly common due to indiscriminate use of drugs. Analgesic nephropathy is a unique drug-induced kidney disease which is characterized by renal papillary necrosis and interstitial nephritis resulting from prolonged excessive consumption of combination antipyretic analgesics. This study was done to assess the renal work load in hospitalized patients taking analgesics and antimicrobial medication by creatinine clearance and to find their consequences. Aim and Objectives: (1) To determine the proportion of participants having altered creatinine clearance. (2) To compare the creatinine clearance among the hospitalised patients on treatment with antimicrobials and analgesics. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional observational study in which 1200 patients were enrolled, divided into 2 groups, with Group A: Comprising of those under antibiotic treatment; with Group B: Comprising of those under analgesic treatment. Creatinine clearance was calculated by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation and CKD-EPI equation. Observation and Results: On analyzing the drugs causing renal impairment out of 1200 participants, it was found that among analgesics diclofenac (52%) and among antibiotics, aminoglycosides (61%), were more commonly resulting in renal dysfunction. Conclusion: According to the present study, it is clear that precaution has to be taken before initiating antimicrobials and analgesic therapy, as they are often nephrotoxic.