Abstract
Climate is one of the most important factors determining the adaptive evolution of plants. In this study, 44 different populations of wild barley were used as materials to analyze the diversity of 17 genes (495 sequences), in order to study the influence of different climatic conditions on adaptive evolution of wild barley. A Geographical Information System (GIS) provided tools to visually present and analyse the geographical distribution of number of variable positions in the alignments and the differentiation index. 19 different bio factors were classified into 4 main component groups, and OLS Regression was used to analyze the differentiation coefficient of main climatic factors and the expression of gene differentiation degree. DHN family, a drought and temperature related gene family, showed significant spatial correlation with main climatic factors. Meanwhile, the results of other genes, which reported insignificant effects on drought or heat tolerance, were quite contrary. The phenotypes of plants were observed after the interaction of plant genotype with the environment. Simultaneously, the environment also has influence on some special genes. New analysis methods using GIS could be used to research the complex relationship between plant phenotype, plant genotype and the environment.
Highlights
Climate is one of the most important reasons for adaptive evolution in plants, and leads to important selective factors determining intraspecific differentiation [1]
The differentiation indexes of 44 wild barley populations were used as the basis; the gene differentiation indexes in the research field were calculated through Ordinary Kriging Interpolation; the relationship between biological climatic factors and gene differentiation indexes was analyzed
The distribution of wild barley accessions, number of variable sites in the DNA sequences and the differentiation indexes of 17 genes were visually represented through ArcGIS
Summary
Climate is one of the most important reasons for adaptive evolution in plants, and leads to important selective factors determining intraspecific differentiation [1]. Yongfeng Zhou et al used two closely related pine species growing in southeastern Chinese, Pinus massoniana Lamb and Pinus hwangshanensis Hisa as materials, to analyse 25 climate related genes.They found that variations in climate played an important role in the ecological divergence of the two species [2]. On the woody perennial plants, climate has a similar impact on the annual herbaceous plants such as Arabidopsis, barley and so on [3]. Spontaneum) is an annual, diploid grass species with 7 chromosomes and an estimated rate of selffertilization of 98%. As the progenitor of cultivated barley, wild barley represents an important resource for the study of the adaptive evolution of plants’ population [4]
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