Abstract
BackgroundTo investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, aberration, and biometric parameters in Chinese congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery.MethodsWe evaluated eyes of CC /developmental cataract patients scheduled for cataract surgery from January 2016 to September 2019. Astigmatism, aberrations, and biometric parameters were measured with the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging device (Pentacam HR, Oculus). Cataract was diagnosed and classified by slit-lamp examination after full mydriasis.ResultsWe evaluated 538 eyes in 356 patients. The mean values of anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), and total corneal astigmatism (TCA) were determined as 1.98 ± 1.06 D (range 0.0‒4.8 D), 0.49 ± 0.26 D (range 0.0‒1.9 D), and 2.09 ± 1.19 D (range 0.2‒8.8 D), respectively. ACA and TCA ≥ 1.25 D was present in 379 eyes (70.3%) and 392 eyes (72.8%), respectively. PCA between 0.25 D and 0.75 D was found in 380 eyes (70.6%). There was a statistically significant positive linear correlation between lower-order aberrations root mean square values (LOA RMS) and corneal astigmatism (CA). Furthermore, in terms of distribution of central cornea thickness, anterior chamber depth, ACA, PCA, and TCA in different types of cataracts, ACA was highest in patients with zonular cataracts. Finally, we found anterior corneal measurements may overestimate WTR astigmatism, underestimate ATR astigmatism, and underestimate oblique astigmatism, respectively.ConclusionsMost CC /developmental cataract patients had moderate to high astigmatism and ACA accounted for the largest proportion in the zonular group. This can provide a basis for planning of CC/developmental cataract surgery by ophthalmologists in clinical practice.
Highlights
To investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, aberration, and biometric parameters in Chinese congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery
Most CC /developmental cataract patients had moderate to high astigmatism and anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) accounted for the largest proportion in the zonular group
This can provide a basis for planning of CC/developmental cataract surgery by ophthalmologists in clinical practice
Summary
To investigate the distribution of corneal astigmatism, aberration, and biometric parameters in Chinese congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract patients before cataract surgery. Congenital cataract (CC) /developmental cataract is the main cause of visual impairment and blindness in children around the world [1, 2]. It is increasingly important to know the distribution of astigmatism, such as anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA), posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA), and total corneal astigmatism (TCA), as well as aberrations in patients. There is consensus that toric IOLs can be implanted to correct astigmatism in age-related cataract (ARC) patients [9, 10], for CC/developmental cataract patients, for younger children, the feasibility and timing of toric IOL implantation remain controversial, as CA changes with age
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