Abstract
The article discusses the regional features of the Svalbard climate based on the data of regular meteorological observations obtained at Norwegian, Russian and Polish stations. Attention is paid to the spatial features of the multi-year regime of surface air temperature (SAT). Climatic norms (1961-1990, WMO recommendations) calculated from all meteorological stations, as well as long-term changes in the spatial gradients of the SAT and estimates of the range of annual fluctuations, revealed stations (area) with a “continental” and “marine” type of climate, as well as trends in spatial heterogeneities of the Svalbard climate. The rate of “modern” climate warming (1990-2016) was, on average, three times higher compared with the period after II World War (1948-2016). The continentality and abnormality of the climate are analyzed. Conclusions are formulated about a regular change in the spatial features of the climate (SAT) and the manifestation of its anomalous nature in different periods (1960-1970, 1988 and 2005-2014).
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