Abstract
Maintaining alternative decisions in working memory (WM) can lead to accumulating high cognitive load. Some aspects of cognitive load improve attentiveness, but adding a cognitively inconsistent (conflict) situation results in a failure in cognitive task performance. This research introduces the notion of the human ability-demand gap (discrepancy between human cognitive ability and task performance) and its association with task-evoked cognitive overload and cognitive dissonance (inconsistency). By using the ability-demand gap as a 3-D response model, cognitive dissonance and overload was proposed to understand the confluence among working memory capacity, users’ cognitive load, and task performance. The maximum gap was computed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) statistics. The empirical studies show that the maximum ability-demand gap can be considered as the threshold between cognitive dissonance and overload. It was also observed that there was a cyclical and nonlinear relationship between working memory capacity, cognitive dissonance/lock-up, and cognitive overload.
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