Abstract
In this study, New Zealand and Finland are examined by Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model for the relationship between coal consumption and economic growth. For coal consumption and economic growth relationship, coal Kuznets curve is investigated for New Zealand for the period between 1980 and 2015 and is examined for Finland for the period between 1980 and 2013. Results of this study show that coal Kuznets curve is confirmed for New Zealand and Finland. Hao et al. (2016) confirmed coal Kuznets curve as this study confirmed in New Zealand and Finland. This study contributes to the current literature by verifying coal Kuznets curve for New Zealand and Finland. Coal Kuznets curve is also not investigated for these countries before. This study recommends further investigation of coal consumption-growth nexus carries importance since the only study in the literature for coal consumption-growth nexus belongs to this study for New Zealand and Finland. Keywords: Coal Kuznets Curve, Finland, New Zealand, ARDL Model JEL Classifications: Q4, Q5, O5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.10873
Highlights
Kuznets (1955) studied the relationship between income and income inequality
Coal consumption Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis is examined for New Zealand and Finland by examining the relationships between the variables coal consumption and economic growth to cover the current gaps in the EKC literature
Coal Kuznets curve is investigated in New Zealand and Finland in this study to fill the gap in the EKC literature
Summary
Kuznets (1955) studied the relationship between income and income inequality. Kuznets discovered inverted U shape between income and income inequality. Coal consumption environmental Kuznets curve is investigated by using ARDL model to cover the gaps in the EKC literature. Kyoto Protocol was not created just being a binding agreement by participant countries and the United Nations, but it was created to set up new initiatives to cope with GHG emissions against climate change. These initiatives are carbon trading, Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation. Kyoto Protocol is discussed besides Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), which states income increase with CO2 to a certain level and after that level is reached CO2 starts to decrease while income increases, as well as climate change. Coal Kuznets curve is investigated in New Zealand and Finland in this study to fill the gap in the EKC literature
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
