Abstract
目的探讨符合WHO(2016)诊断分型标准的骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)5q−综合征患者的临床特征、来那度胺(LEN)疗效和生存情况。方法回顾性分析2008年1月至2018年4月于中国医学科学院血液病医院就诊的77例符合WHO(2016)诊断分型标准的MDS 5q−综合征患者临床资料,比较单纯5q−与5q−伴1个非−7/7q−的其他染色体异常(ACA)患者临床特征、疗效及生存情况,并比较LEN与非LEN药物治疗的疗效与生存情况。结果77例患者中,单纯5q−者64例,5q−伴ACA者13例,确诊时5q−伴ACA患者的中位年龄显著低于单纯5q−患者[58(29~64)岁对63(31~82)岁,z=2.164,P=0.030]。5q−伴ACA患者CD41免疫组化染色小巨核细胞(直径≤40 µm)检出率(91.7%,11/12)显著高于单纯5q−患者(60.0%,33/55)(P=0.046)。可评估LEN疗效的29例患者中,单纯5q−患者(19例)与5q−伴ACA患者(10例)血液学总反应率(78.9%对80.0%)、血液学完全缓解(CR)率(57.9%对60.0%)、细胞遗传学反应(CyR)率[69.2%(9/13)对66.7%(4/6)]、完全细胞遗传学反应(CCyR)率[61.5%(8/13)对33.3%(2/6)]相当。单纯5q−与5q−伴ACA患者中位总生存(OS)时间差异无统计学意义(62个月对78个月,P=0.313)。29例LEN组患者的血液学总反应率(79.3%对36.0%)、CR率(58.6%对8.0%)、CyR率[68.4%(13/19)对11.1%(1/9)]、CCyR率[52.6%(10/19)对0(0/9)]均高于非LEN组患者(25例),但两组患者中位OS时间差异无统计学意义(78个月对62个月,P=0.297)。结论单纯5q−与5q−伴ACA患者临床特征大体相似,两组患者LEN疗效、中位OS时间无明显差异。LEN治疗5q−综合征患者的疗效肯定,优于非LEN药物。
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