Abstract
Comparisons of chlorophyll a fluorescence characteristics of C 3 and CAM forms of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum were used to identify features of the photosynthetic mechanism associated with CAM. The reduction status, Q, was lower and predicted PSII activity higher in the Ca form than in the CAM form throughout the photoperiod. These differences were particularly pronounced during the first hour of illumination when non-photochemical quenching attributable to the intrathylakoid proton gradient was also at its highest in the CAM form. It is argued that this high proton gradient diminishes PSII activity and serves a protective role against photoinhibition at a time in the CAM cycle when both CO 2 concentration within the leaf, and carbon cycle enzyme activation levels are likely to be low
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