Analysis of chest injury characteristics in frontal vehicle collision under three typical overlaps

Abstract

In view of the relatively serious situation of chest injuries in current vehicle accidents, this study aims to determine the chest injuries characteristics in frontal vehicle collisions under different overlaps. The frontal impact simulation was first established and conducted based on the latest THOR dummy model with different overlaps. By comparing chest dynamic output indicators under three different overlap rates in frontal impact conditions, the relationship between chest injuries and collision overlap rates was analyzed in terms of the chest deflection and stress/strain distribution. Results show that changes of the thoracic stress/strain distribution and the amplitude of chest deflection are more sensitive to frontal impact load under a great impact overlap. In the kinematics analysis, there is a significant twist along the seatbelt route to the occupant’s chest. The changes of the chest deflection and stress/strain based on the design parameter changes at different overlap rates are consistent, and the highest injury risk is captured in the ribcage structure of mid-chest in full frontal impact. The research results can provide a reference for the optimal design of the constraint system for the future.