Abstract
The analysis of the spatiotemporal trends of precipitation and drought is relevant for the future development and sustainable management of water resources in a given region. In this study, precipitation and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) trends were analyzed through applying linear regression, Mann–Kendall, and Spearman’s Rho tests at the 5% significance level. For this goal, meteorological data from 9 meteorological stations in and around Aksu Basin during the period 1960–2010 was used, and two main annual drought periods were detected (1978-1979 and 1983–1986), while the extremely dry years were recorded in 1975 and 1985 at almost all of the stations. The monthly analysis of precipitation series indicates that all stations had increasing trend in July, October, and December, while both increasing and decreasing trends were found in other months. For the seasonal scale, precipitation series had increasing trends in summer and winter. 33% of the stations had the decreasing trend on precipitation in the spring series, and it was 11% in the autumn. At the same time, the SPI-12 values of all stations had the increasing trend. The significant trends were detected at Aheqi, Baicheng, Keping, and Kuche stations.
Highlights
Drought is the result of insufficient or lack of rainfall for an extended period, which causes a substantial hydrological imbalance
The results showed that the runoff, air temperature, and precipitation of the headstreams increased remarkably during both high-flow and low-flow periods
It is obvious that 3 mountainous synoptic stations in the northwest (Aheqi, Turgat, and Wuqia) had the highest mean monthly precipitation
Summary
Drought is the result of insufficient or lack of rainfall for an extended period, which causes a substantial hydrological (water) imbalance. Numerous indices have been applied to determine different drought characteristics depending on the study purpose. Many scientists have analyzed the spatial variability of drought using drought indices and precipitation characteristics [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. There were a lot of studies on drought [8,9,10,11,12,13] and various indices have been applied to measure different drought characteristics depending on research goals. Analysis of precipitation data outputs helpful conclusion, which will be applied to plan and manage water resources system. For arid and semiarid regions, precipitation is a important factor for water resources planning and drought risk management. Arid areas propose a challenge due to large contradistinction between dry and wet conditions within a temporal cycle
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