Abstract
Cultivated land productivity is a basic guarantee of food security. This study extracted the multiple cropping index (MCI) and most active days (MAD, i.e., days when the EVI exceeded a threshold) based on crop growth EVI curves to analyse the changes and potential characteristics of cultivated land productivity in Jiangsu Province during 2001–2017. The results are as follows: (1) The MCI of 83.8% of cultivated land remained unchanged in Jiangsu, the cultivated land with changed MCI (16.2%) was mainly concentrated in the southern and eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu, and the main cropping systems were single and double seasons. (2) The changes in cultivated land productivity were significant and had an obvious spatial distribution. The areas where the productivity of single cropping system changed occupied 67.8% of the total cultivated land of single cropping system, and the decreased areas (46.5%) were concentrated in southern Jiangsu. (3) For double cropping systems, the percentages of the changed productivity areas accounting for cultivated land were 82.7% and 73.3%. The decreased areas were distributed in central Jiangsu. In addition, the productivity of the first crop showed an overall (72%) increasing trend and increased areas (40.8%) of the second crop were found in northern Jiangsu. (4) During 2001–2017, cultivated land productivity greatly improved in Jiangsu. In the areas where productivity increased, the proportions of cultivated land with productivity potential space greater than 20% in single and double cropping systems were greater than 60% and 90%, respectively. In the areas where productivity decreased, greater than 25% and 75% of cultivated land had potential space in greater than 80% of the single and double cropping systems, respectively. This result shows that productivity still has much room for development in Jiangsu. This study provides new insight for studying cultivated land productivity and provides references for guiding agricultural production.
Highlights
Cultivated land is a crucial resource and environmental factor for human survival and development
The changes and potential characteristics of cultivated land productivity in Jiangsu Province during the period 2001–2017 were explored based on the multiple cropping index (MCI) and most active days (MAD), which were extracted using a difference algorithm and threshold method based on MODIS enhanced vegetation index (EVI)
This study suggested that the cropping systems were dominated by single and double cropping systems in Jiangsu and that the changes in cultivated land productivity were obvious and had distinct spatial distribution features during the study period
Summary
Cultivated land is a crucial resource and environmental factor for human survival and development. Cultivated land has multiple functions that include production, spatial bearing capacity, and environmental protection, and is a fundamental guarantee of national food security and social stability [1,2,3,4]. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization and the impact of global climate change, the limited cultivated land resources have been under considerable pressure in China, which poses a great threat to food security and the ecological environment [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Food originates from cultivated land, and the core of food security is the safety of cultivated land resources. The study of cultivated land productivity is of great significance for the rational use and protection of cultivated land and for ensuring national food security
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