Abstract
Apartment complexes in various forms are built in downtown areas. The arrangement of an apartment complex has great influence on the wind flow inside it. There are issues of residents' walking due to gust occurrence within apartment complexes, problems with pollutant emission due to airflow congestion, and heat island and cool island phenomena in apartment complexes. Currently, the forms of internal arrangements of apartment complexes are divided into the flat type and the tower type. In the present study, a wind tunnel experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation were performed with respect to internal wind flows in different apartment arrangement forms. Findings of the wind tunnel experiment showed that the internal form and arrangement of an apartment complex had significant influence on its internal airflow. The wind velocity of the buildings increased by 80% at maximum due to the proximity effects between the buildings. The CFD simulation for relaxing such wind flows indicated that the wind velocity reduced by 40% or more at maximum when the paths between the lateral sides of the buildings were extended.
Highlights
Various damages due to winds blowing around buildings have occurred as low-rise, middle-rise, and highrise buildings have been concentrated in downtown areas
The present study used three representative types of apartment complexes to compare wind speed ratios at each point of the complexes in terms of the wind tunnel experiment and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. It explored the effects on wind speed ratio reduction in each placement type and outer shape based on the CFD simulation
(1) As a result of the wind tunnel experiment based on apartment placement types and wind angle changes, it turned out that wind was greatly influenced by the inner forms and building placements within the apartment complexes
Summary
Various damages due to winds blowing around buildings have occurred as low-rise, middle-rise, and highrise buildings have been concentrated in downtown areas. The increase rate of wind speed reaches its maximum when the distance between a low-rise and a high-rise building is 0.5∼1.0 time as long as the height of the latter. CFD prediction guidelines for the evaluation of pedestrian levels of building surroundings are provided by the COST and Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) working groups [9, 10]. The present study selects three types of apartment complexes by means of the CFD simulation program tested by the AIJ working group and compared wind speed rates within the complexes in terms of wind tunnel experiments and CFD simulations. It explores various methods of decreasing the wind speed ratio in the types of complexes in terms of CFD simulations
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