Analysis of cardiovascular risk factors in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Objective To analyze cardiovascular risk factors in senile patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods Fifty-six elderly patients with AMI aged ≥65 years were enrolled as elderly group in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015, and 76 elderly patients with AMI aged<65 years during the same period were selected as a non-elderly group.Cardiovascular disease-related factors were analyzed in elderly patients with AMI. Results The proportions of complicated diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were higher in 56 elderly patient〔29 cases(51.8%), 41 cases(73.2%)and 37 cases(66.1%)〕than in 76 non-elderly patients〔12 cases, (15.8%), 23 cases(30.3%)and 17 cases(22.4%), respectively, χ2=9.652, 8.744, 11.489; P=0.002, 0.003, 0.001〕. The proportion of male elderly group and non-elderly group were higher than those of female patients.The prevalence of cardiovascular disease was 87.5%(14/16)in female elderly patients, which was 53.2%(17/32)in female non-elderly patients(χ2=5.510, P=0.019). The incidence of a typical chest pain, heart failure and disturbance of consciousness after AMI attack was 26.8%(15/56), 64.3%(36/56)and 23.3%(13/56)in elderly group, respectively, which were higher than those in non-elderly group〔39.5%(3/76), 31.6%(24/76), 5.26%(4/76); χ2=3.965, 9.075, 5.365; P=0.047, 0.003, 0.021〕. Conclusions Acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients often coexists with hyperlipidemia, diabetes, high blood pressure and other risk factors.There is often no significant incentive before the onset of AMI in elderly patients.Its main clinical symptoms conclude atypical chest pain, heart failure and consciousness. Key words: Myocardial infarction; Risk factors