Abstract
Kemerovo is an industrial region of the Russian Federation characterized by highly developed mining, chemical, metallurgical and power industries. Many of the factories were closed down due to the socioeconomical crisis in the early 90's, and economic potential of the survivors has also decreased significantly. Paradoxically, this has led to the improvement of the ecological situation in the region and elimination of exposure to many chemical carcinogens. This factor, in combination with the improvement of oncological care, might be expected to have lead to a decline of cancer incidence and mortality in the region. To assess trends of cancer incidence and mortality in Kemerovo Region, we therefore carried out an analysis of relevant epidemiological data during 1991-2010. In fact, a significant increase of cancer incidence overall was revealed during 2001-2010. Male cancer incidence was significantly higher than female cancer incidence. Regarding gastric cancer incidence, statistically significant differences during 2001-2010 were found only for men, and male incidence exceeded female incidence. Concerning colorectal cancer incidence, it was lower during 2001-2005 and 2006-2010 as compared to the period of 1991-1996. Lung cancer incidence was significantly higher during 1991-2000 compared to 2001-2010. Among urban populations, cancer incidence was higher in comparison with rural population, but a gradual steady convergence of trends of cancer incidence among urban and rural populations was noted. Lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer, and gastric cancer are the most prevalent cancer forms in Kemerovo Region. There were no differences in cancer mortality between 2001-2005 and 2006-2010; however, male cancer mortality exceeded female cancer mortality. A similar situation was observed for gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Cancer mortality among urban populations exceeded mortality among rural population, for both genders. We suggest that these data can be used for development of modern programs of cancer prevention and early diagnostics in industrial regions of Siberia.
Highlights
According to the data of International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), about 12.4 millions of new cancer cases, 7.6 millions of cancer-caused deaths, and 28 millions of cancer survivors were registered in 2008 worldwide (Ferlay et al, 2010; Jemal et al, 2010; 2011)
To assess trends of cancer incidence and mortality in Kemerovo Region, we carried out an analysis of relevant epidemiological data during 1991-2010
Male cancer incidence was significantly higher than female cancer incidence
Summary
According to the data of International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), about 12.4 millions of new cancer cases, 7.6 millions of cancer-caused deaths, and 28 millions of cancer survivors were registered in 2008 worldwide (Ferlay et al, 2010; Jemal et al, 2010; 2011). The pattern of cancer incidence differs significantly in low-, middle-, and high-income countries due to a distinct prevalence of risk factors (Ferlay et al, 2010; Jemal et al, 2010; 2011). These risk factors include physical factors (ionizing and non-ionizing radiation), chemical factors (tobacco smoking, alcohol abuse, environmental pollution, professional exposure), biological factors (carcinogenic infectious agents), and genetic factors (Ferlay et al, 2010; Jemal et al, 2010; 2011). Early diagnostics and and m=2.7; 95%CI=2.6-2.8, trend rate 0.11 and 0.1, treatment have been substantially improved during the last respectively). We suggest these similar trend was observed between 5-year periods: 1991-.
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