Abstract
A major cause of high energy consumption for air conditioning in indoor spaces is the thermal storage characteristics of a building's envelope concrete material; therefore, the physiological signals (temperature and humidity) within concrete structures are an important reference for building energy management. The current approach to measuring temperature and humidity within concrete structures (i.e., thermocouples and fiber optics) is limited by problems of wiring requirements, discontinuous monitoring, and high costs. This study uses radio frequency integrated circuits (RFIC) combined with temperature and humidity sensors (T/H sensors) for the design of a smart temperature and humidity information material (STHIM) that automatically, regularly, and continuously converts temperature and humidity signals within concrete and transmits them by radio frequency (RF) to the Building Physiology Information System (BPIS). This provides a new approach to measurement that incorporates direct measurement, wireless communication, and real-time continuous monitoring to assist building designers and users in making energy management decisions and judgments.
Highlights
Energy consumption and management issues have received significant attention from governments, industry, and academia
Using the calculations of the air conditioning cooling load, more than 30% of building cooling load is caused by the thermal energy of solar radiation that enters through envelope walls and windows [5]
To ensure that the insulation material placed in the reinforced concrete (RC) samples would receive solar radiation evenly and to prevent influences by accidental damage and the surrounding environment, a site situated in a wide open area is required for the experiment
Summary
Energy consumption and management issues have received significant attention from governments, industry, and academia. A large amount of air conditioning systems are used to maintain comfortable living conditions, resulting in greater energy consumption [4]. Using the calculations of the air conditioning cooling load, more than 30% of building cooling load is caused by the thermal energy of solar radiation that enters through envelope walls and windows [5]. Using insulation in the building envelope is one of the most effective methods for building energy conservation, thereby reducing the adverse effect of building envelope thermal storage. If the internal temperature of concrete could be monitored instantly when it absorbs significant amounts of radiated heat (i.e., roof tops and outer walls with southern and western exposures) and combined with the building’s own temperature self-regulating actions, air conditioning load can be reduced efficiently and comfortable indoor conditions can be maintained
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