Analysis of Biological Degradation and Life Cycle Indicators of Mineral Diesel Fuel Mixtures, Containing 10% Biodiesel, Obtained by Simultaneous Oil Extraction and Transesterification

Violeta Makareviciene,Migle Santaraite,Egle Sendzikiene

doi:10.3390/en14248367

Abstract

This article provides data on the environmental properties of biofuels obtained by the simultaneous extraction of oil from spoiled rapeseed and transesterification, with the addition of mineral diesel to the reaction mixture. The resulting reaction product contained 10% biodiesel: fatty acid methyl, ethyl, or butyl esters in mixtures with mineral diesel. The addition of biodiesel has been found to increase the rate of biodegradation of fuels. Such fuels are classified as partially biodegradable, according to the OECD classification. Life cycle analysis showed that the mixtures of biodiesel and mineral diesel have lower negative environmental impacts, compared to pure mineral diesel. The values of indicators such as abiotic depletion, acidification, global warming, ozone depletion, and human toxicity for these mixtures were 40–58% lower compared to the corresponding values for mineral diesel.

Highlights

Energies 2021, 14, 8367. https://Extraction of energy from fossil fuels has a negative impact on the environment; ways are being sought to reduce this negative impactIn the production and use of pure biodiesel and its mixtures with mineral diesel, it is important to assess, the physicochemical properties of the fuels and their compliance with standards, and environmental properties, such as the rate of biological degradation and values of life cycle indicators.The rate of biodegradation of fuels to CO2 and H2 O is different and depends on fuel origin and composition
The results of our research showed that the value of the human toxicity indicator for the mineral diesel mixture with biodiesel was about 60% percent lower compared to this indicator for pure mineral diesel
The data obtained showed that in the case of mixtures with mineral diesel at 10% rapeseed oil ethyl esters (REE) and rapeseed oil methyl esters (RME), the values of this indicator were lowest, and reached 36 and 36.5% in comparison with pure mineral diesel, while, in the case of mixtures with the same amount of rapeseed oil butyl ester (RBE), the value of this indicator reached up to 41% of the value of mineral diesel

Summary

Introduction

Energies 2021, 14, 8367. https://Extraction of energy from fossil fuels has a negative impact on the environment (formation of ozone layer depletion, acid rain, negative impact on human health, etc.); ways are being sought to reduce this negative impactIn the production and use of pure biodiesel and its mixtures with mineral diesel, it is important to assess, the physicochemical properties of the fuels and their compliance with standards, and environmental properties, such as the rate of biological degradation and values of life cycle indicators.The rate of biodegradation of fuels to CO2 and H2 O is different and depends on fuel origin and composition. Extraction of energy from fossil fuels has a negative impact on the environment (formation of ozone layer depletion, acid rain, negative impact on human health, etc.); ways are being sought to reduce this negative impact. In the production and use of pure biodiesel and its mixtures with mineral diesel, it is important to assess, the physicochemical properties of the fuels and their compliance with standards, and environmental properties, such as the rate of biological degradation and values of life cycle indicators. The rate of biodegradation of fuels to CO2 and H2 O is different and depends on fuel origin and composition. The rate of biodegradation of biodiesel has been found to be five times higher than that of mineral diesel [1]. Silva et al found that biodiesel produced from rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean oil was completely biodegradable over a

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