Abstract
Arabica coffee productivity can be increased by enhancing the cultivation of superior varieties, suitable land, good planting, shading preparation, pruning, application of organic or inorganic fertilizers, and continuous maintenance. This research aims to analyze Arabica coffee production to treat shading, pruning, and organic fertilizer application of coffee skins in Pantan Cuaca Sub-District, Gayo Lues District. The research was carried out in two stages, in the first stage a field survey was conducted to determine the relatively uniform land and plant characteristics, while in the second stage was the application of coffee skin organic fertilizer and pruning of shaded and non-shaded coffee plants by using farmers method and the recommended methods by the authors. The application of coffee skin organic fertilizer consists of 0, 2.50, 5.00, and 7.50 kg/tree, which is equivalent to 0, 4, 8, and 12 ton/ha, respectively. This research was arranged in a split-plot design, with shades placed in the main plot, while pruning and the application of organic fertilizer of the coffee skins were in the subplots. The variables observed were the number of fruit/trees, dry bean production, and yield at 14% moisture content. Furthermore, the best effect and treatment were determined using variance analysis and the least significant difference (LSD). The result showed that shade only affected bean yield at 14% moisture content, coffee with shade is better than no shade, pruning affected the number of fruit/trees and dry bean production. Furthermore, the recommended pruning was better than farmer pruning, while coffee skin organic fertilizer affected all observed variables. Therefore, the best dose is 7.50 kg/tree (12 tons/ha) because the treatment combination (NxPxK) affected only dry bean production. Key words: People’s coffee garden; Redcherries; Yield bean; Dry greenbean.
Highlights
Arabica coffee productivity is enhanced by improving cultivation techniques, such as sowing various cultivars, land suitability, plant, maintenance, shade, pruning, and fertilization
Information concerning cultivation techniques observed in the field included fertilization, the presence and absence of shade trees, pruning, as well as pest and disease control
Pruning affected the number of redcherries per tree and greenbean production, the greenbean rendemen at 14% moisture content was unaffected
Summary
Arabica coffee productivity is enhanced by improving cultivation techniques, such as sowing various cultivars, land suitability, plant, maintenance, shade, pruning, and fertilization. Light is an essential environmental resource that tends to affect photosynthesis and plant growth. Valladares et al (2000) reported that its limitation resulted in plant adaptation. The use of various types of shade trees and cultivation techniques affects coffee growth, production, and quality. According to Alemu (2015), shade trees are needed to protect coffee plants from excessive sunlight and extend the plants’ economic life. Erdiansyah and Yusianto (2012), stated that their response to shades is extremely diverse and largely influenced by soil fertility, local climate, and species cultivation According to Alemu (2015), shade trees are needed to protect coffee plants from excessive sunlight and extend the plants’ economic life. Erdiansyah and Yusianto (2012), stated that their response to shades is extremely diverse and largely influenced by soil fertility, local climate, and species cultivation
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