Abstract
The net form net blotch (NFNB) is a significant disease of barley. Its causal agent, Pyrenophora teres f. teres (PTT), has an important economic impact on yield and grain quality globally. However, the molecular interaction between PTT and barley is not fully understood. The plant–pathogen encounter comprises the secretion of diverse molecules involved in plant defence, including pathogenicity-related proteins, and fungal attack, such as proteinaceous toxins called effectors. The forefront of the molecular crosstalk between plant and fungus is the space between plant cells or apoplast. To explore the suitability of studying apoplastic proteins to assist understanding the host–pathogen interaction, a mass spectrometry-based proteomics technique was used to profile apoplastic protein differences in control and NFNB-infected leaves in a susceptible cultivar. The analysis revealed 1130 barley proteins, of which 140 were found to be significantly differentially expressed. This paper presents an overview of the major protein changes induced in the barley apoplast and discusses the involvement of individual proteins in defence and disease development. Our results suggest that the fungus may be hijacking defence signalling pathways. This investigation provides the first in vivo proteomics data for a NFNB–barley interaction, setting a background for further studies.
Highlights
Net blotch of barley is a significant disease caused by two closely related fungal pathogens: Pyrenophora teres f. teres (PTT) and Pyrenophora teres f. maculata (PTM)
As plant defence-related proteins were well represented in the apoplastic fluid, the technique used in this study denotes an effective means to investigate extracellular proteomic responses to fungal infection in barley since it enriched for apoplastic proteins
Despite no fungal proteins being identified due to the reasons described above, our work contributes to the research on the barley–PTT pathosystem by describing the major apoplastic host protein changes during PTT infection and suggests some of the molecular mechanisms involved in disease development
Summary
Net blotch of barley is a significant disease caused by two closely related fungal pathogens: Pyrenophora teres f. teres (PTT) and Pyrenophora teres f. maculata (PTM). Net blotch of barley is a significant disease caused by two closely related fungal pathogens: Pyrenophora teres f. The causal agent of the net form net blotch (NFNB) is PTT, while PTM causes spot form net blotch (Smedegård-Petersen 1971). NFNB has a longer host association with barley and is genetically diverse, with numerous pathotypes and correspondingly complex genetic interactions with barley (Liu et al 2010; Ellwood et al 2012, 2019). Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection (2020) 127:683–694 take place via a complex interchange of signals, pathogenicity factors and defence response proteins primarily in the apoplast, the space between the host cells where the fungal infection develops (Mott et al 2014). The discovery and classification of the key protein players in a pathosystem are of high importance, for the understanding of the plant–pathogen interactions at a molecular level, and to the plant breeding industry as it could help to develop more resistant crops, via such techniques as effector-assisted breeding (Vleeshouwers and Oliver 2015)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
