ANALYSIS OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LEAVES OF FIG (Ficus carica L.) FROM CIWIDEY DISTRIC, WEST JAVA, INDONESIA

Abstract

Leaves of Fig (Ficus carica L., Moraceae) contain flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids. These compounds create an opportunity to utilize Fig leaves as herbal medicine. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes of Fig leaves. Antioxidant activity was conducted by the DPPH method, while antibacterial activity was conducted by the agar diffusion method, followed by the microdilution method to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The results showed the IC50 values of extract, the fraction of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and distilled water were 78.79, 22.29, 1052.00, and 133.90 µg/mL, respectively. The diameter of the inhibition zone of the extract was higher in S. epidermidis compared to P. acnes. The antibacterial activity was proportional to the extract concentration. The extract MICs for S. epidermidis and P. acnes were in the range of 6.25 and 12.5% w/v, while the MBCs value was in the range of 12.5 and 25% w/v. It concluded that the ethyl acetate fraction had the best antioxidant activity compared to the extract, distilled water, and n-hexane fraction. The antibacterial activity of the extract was better on S. epidermidis than on P. acnes.