Abstract
Ziziphus mauritiana is locally known as Bidara that belongs to Rhamnaceae family which is a herbal plant that believed originated from Indo-Malaysian region of South-East Asia. It is commonly known for its various benefits as pharmacological such as antioxidants and antimicrobial. In order to prove its efficacy, antimicrobial compound analysis of Ziziphus mauritiana leaf extract was performed using Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR). The spectrum and wavelength obtained can be used to identify the functional group and thus, the antimicrobial compound was discovered present in the plant. A liquid-liquid extraction had been carried out to obtain the extract of Ziziphus mauritiana leaf sample and rotary evaporator is used to remove the solvent of ethyl acetate. Based on this study, Ziziphus mauritiana leaves do have antimicrobial compounds such as eugenol and vanillin which are one of the antimicrobial agents.
Highlights
In the tropical and subtropical regions of Malaysia, Ziziphus mauritiana or known as Bidara grow in forests, thickets along riverbanks, hills and slopes in its habitats
Reported by Asha and Thirunavukkarasu (2019) Ziziphus mauritiana plant aqueous extract, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins and phenols compounds are present. This showed that the antimicrobial compound exists in Ziziphus mauritiana plants as this study discovered as well
Due to the identification of functional group of Ziziphus mauritiana, it is proven that the plant contains antimicrobial agent such as vanillin and eugenol
Summary
In the tropical and subtropical regions of Malaysia, Ziziphus mauritiana or known as Bidara grow in forests, thickets along riverbanks, hills and slopes in its habitats. It grows in average annual temperature areas as minimum of 713o C to maximum 37-48 ° C, mean annual precipitation of 15-225 mm from sea level to 1,500 m elevation. The leaves are about 2.5 to 3.2 cm long with a fine toothed at the edge and 1.8 to 3.8 cm wide. This fruit is a little juicy when slightly underripe and has a good fragrance. In the tropical and subtropical areas, where it is most frequently found [2]
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