Analysis of Antifungal Components in the Galls ofMelaphis chinensisand Their Effects on Control of Anthracnose Disease of Chinese Cabbage Caused byColletotrichum higginsianum

Ping-Chung Kuo,Mei-Chi Lin,Ting-Fang Hsieh,Jenn-Wen Huang,Bow-Shin Huang,Hung-Chang Huang

doi:10.1155/2015/850103

Abstract

Fungal pathogens caused various diseases which resulted in heavy yield and quality losses on plants of commercial interests such as fruits, vegetables, and flowers. In our preliminary experimental results, the methanol extracts of four species of medicinal plantsMelaphis chinensis, Eugenia caryophyllata, Polygonum cuspidatum, andRheum officinalepossessed antifungal activity to causal agent of cabbage anthracnose,Colletotrichum higginsianum. Thus it was conducted to identify and quantify the chemical constituents in these herbs and to assess the antifungal effects of these compounds. Among the tested principles, the indicator compound methyl gallate fromM. chinensiswas the most effective one against the conidial germination. In addition, it exhibited significant effects of controlling anthracnose disease of Chinese cabbage caused byC. higginsianumPA-01 in growth chamber. These results indicate thatM. chinensismay be potential for further development of plant-derived pesticides for control of anthracnose of cabbage and other cruciferous crops.

Highlights

There are numerous reports indicating that tissues of some plant species contain antifungal substances, including rhizomes of Curcuma longa [1], seeds of Cassia tora [2], stem/leaves and flowers of Lavandula stoechas [3], and others
Bau Sin) are rich in glucosinolate and enzymatic hydrolysis of this compound resulted in the release of allyl isothiocyanate that is highly toxic to Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn AG-4, causal agent of root rot of cabbage [4]
Chu et al reported that the aqueous extracts of Coptis chinensis, Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed), Cinnamomum cassia, Rheum officinale (Chinese rhubarb), Polygonum multiflorum, and Eugenia caryophyllata showed inhibitory effects to conidial germination of Oidium murrayae [14]

Summary

Introduction

There are numerous reports indicating that tissues of some plant species contain antifungal substances, including rhizomes of Curcuma longa [1], seeds of Cassia tora [2], stem/leaves and flowers of Lavandula stoechas [3], and others. Galls of Melaphis chinensis [5, 6] and leaves of Aloe vera [7] contained toxic substances against plant pathogenic fungi. The essential oils of cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and clove buds (Eugenia caryophyllata) showed highly antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea [13]. Chu et al reported that the aqueous extracts of Coptis chinensis (goldthread), Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed), Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), Rheum officinale (Chinese rhubarb), Polygonum multiflorum, and Eugenia caryophyllata (clove) showed inhibitory effects to conidial germination of Oidium murrayae [14]

Objectives

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Results