Abstract
In this study, the spatial and temporal characteristics in precipitation extremes, total precipitation, and the seasonality of precipitation of the Qinba Mountain in China were investigated from 1961 to 2015, based on daily precipitation data of 37 meteorological stations. The results from our study suggest that: the annual precipitation in the area varies between 645 mm and 2175.2 mm, with the minimum annual precipitation occurred in 1997, and the maximum annual precipitation, in 1963. Between 1961 and 2015, a significant decreasing trend was observed in the annual precipitation, suggesting a decrease of −21.1 mm/a. The spatial distribution of precipitation in the Qinba Mountain area increased from the north to the south, showing an obvious difference in precipitation between the two areas. For extreme indices, the trends of annual total wet-day precipitation (PRCPTOT), number of heavy precipitation days (R10mm)and consecutive wet days (CWD)showed a downward trend, while the other extreme indices had an upward trend. The results from our research not only help the researchers to understand the characteristics of precipitation, but also provide crucial information for the policy makers to make better decisions, in future.
Highlights
Global warming has made great changes in the regional atmospheric circulation and the water circulation, resulting in redistribution of precipitation around the world[1]
The precipitation in the QM is mainly concentrated in the summer, and July has the most precipitation with the ratio of 14.64% of the annual precipitation, and February has the least precipitation with the ratio of 3.51%
As it can be observed in the figure, the annual precipitation fluctuated between 645 mm and 2175.2 mm (1961–2015), with the minimum and the maximum annual precipitation in 1997 and 1963, respectively
Summary
Global warming has made great changes in the regional atmospheric circulation and the water circulation, resulting in redistribution of precipitation around the world[1] The latter has led to an increase in the number of natural disaster. The change in precipitation pattern can cause catastrophic event and affect environment and society by increasing the probability of flooding in the area in time of heavy precipitation, or water deficiency as a result of the decrease in precipitation. Both floods and droughts can cause different levels of disasters. Such a catastrophic events have much greater impacts on the environment and the society, than a small shift in the mean values[20]
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