Analysis of Anions Distribution in Gobbiya Dam Water, Bogoro Local Government Area of Bauchi State by GIS

Abstract

Water quality is one of the main challenges that societies faces, threatening human health, limiting food production, reducing ecosystem functions, and hindering economic growth. In this research water sample from Gobbiya dam were collected at ten different points on the dam water surface using a water sampler with the coordinate of the sampling point recorded using a Global Positioning System (GPS) camera. Powder pillow reagents with a DR/890 colorimeter was used to determine the level of anions in the water samples after which Geographical information system (GIS) were used to estimate by interpolation the levels of anions at unmeasured distance on the dam water surface. The result obtained showed that the concentration of sulphate and phosphate has no statistical difference across the ten sampling points as revealed by ANOVA (P≤0.05) ,Whilst Chloride, Nitrate, Ammonium showed a statistical differences across the ten sampling points and where further subjected to Turkey Pair-Wise test to determine the points of variation. The average concentrations of the anions determine are as follows: Phosphate, Chloride, Nitrate, Ammonium, Sulphate (0.06±0.01, 0.48±0.24, 14.4±10.30, 3.95±2.82, 2.40±0.97) mg/dm3, respectively. The anions determined in the dam water are within the permissible limit set by WHO and FEPA for domestic and irrigation purposes.