ANALYSIS OF ANGLES MEASUREMENTS OF THE FACIAL DEPARTMENT OF SKULL IN ADULT HUMANS WITH DIFFERENT CRANIOTYPES

Abstract

The purpose – to investigate the features of the angular sizes of the facial department of skull in adult humans depend on gender and individual type of constitution. Material and methods. The research has been conducted on 100 bone samples of integral and fragmented skulls from the collections of anatomy department of Kharkiv National Medical University. By using different measuring instruments and devices: craniological divider, set of facial lines, protractor, goniometer. Results and discussion. For a complete description of individual anatomical variability of the visceral skull, it was found that the facial angle in adulthood males and females varies from 75o to 105o. Depending on the extreme types of skull’s structure, the visceral angle is in the range 75o-95o (males) and 75o-92o (females) of brachycephalic type; slight increase of this parameter was observed in mesocephalic adulthood people – from 80° to 98o (males) and from 78º to 98o (females); in dolichocephalic type this angle is close to direct and even exceeds – from 85° to 105o (males) and from 85° to 100° (females). During the changes of visceral skull structure and reduction of its transverse dimensions was determined the gradual increase in the visceral angle in mesocephalic representatives – to 98o (right angle), and in dolychocephalic representatives – 100°-105o. Conclusions. The individual anatomical variability of visceral skull in adulthood depends on craniotype and gender, what was proved in our investigation.