Analysis of allergens in children with bronchial asthma in Songjiang, Shanghai

Abstract

Objective To investigate the allergens conditions of children with bronchial asthma in Songjiang area of Shanghai, and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods From September 2012 to March 2013, a total of 100 cases of bronchial asthma who visited Childhood Asthma Specialist Clinics in the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University were selected as the research object, and their household registration was part of the Songjiang area, Shanghai. International standardized allergen injections were utilized for allergen skin prick test, including dust mites, house dust mite, cat epithelium, dog epithelium, shrimp, crab, milk, eggs, peanuts, mugwort, sycamore, a total of 11 kinds of allergens. At the same time, Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) Questionnaire was used for asthmatic children from 4 to 11 years old, to judge their asthma control situation. In addition, testing the allergen in serum. The allergens in children with bronchial asthma were Analyzed. This study followed the procedures in line with ethical standards, which were formulated by the Human Trial Committee of the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, approved by the committee, and informed consent of the trial subjects guardian consent. This study was approved by the Committee, and with the consent of the trial subjects guardian consent. Results ① In 100 cases of bronchial asthmatic children, 72 cases (72.0%, 72/100) against one or more allergen skin prick tests were positive, for dust mite allergens were positive in 64 cases (64.0%, 64/100), housing dust mite allergens were positive in 56 cases (56.0%, 56/100). ② The result of 49 cases were examined by serum allergen test showed that serum allergen test results were positive in 39 cases (79.6%, 39/49). ③ A total of 49 cases of phlebotomized children, comparing house dust mite allergen detection rate (53.1% vs 42.9%) by using the two detection methods, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=1.022, P=0.312); while comparing the dust mite allergen detection rate (63.3% vs 40.8%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.947, P=0.026). ④C-ACT score ≤19 points were 32 cases of children (45.1%, 32/71), in which the skin prick test results were positive in 22 cases, the positive rate was 68.8%; ≥20 points were 39 cases in children (54.9%, 39/71), in which the skin prick test results were positive in 33 cases, the positive rate was 84.6%. Comparing both positive rate, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=2.535, P=0.111). Conclusions The most common allergen in Shanghai Songjiang area was dust mites; The allergen positive rate was related to age. Bronchial asthmatic children can simultaneously multiple allergens were positive; bronchial asthmatic children control situation has nothing to do with the allergen. Key words: Asthma; Allergens; Skin tests; Child