Abstract
Two air pollutants, oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate matter (PM10), are monitored and modelled employing Airviro air quality dispersion modelling system in Sheffield, United Kingdom. The aim is to determine the most significant emission sources and their spatial variability. NOx emissions (ton/year) from road traffic, point and area sources for the year 2017 were 5370, 6774, and 2425, whereas those of PM10 (ton/year) were 345, 1449, and 281, respectively, which are part of the emission database. The results showed three hotspots of NOx, namely the Sheffield City Centre, Darnall and Tinsley Roundabout (M1 J34S). High PM10 concentrations were shown mainly between Sheffield Forgemasters International (a heavy engineering steel company) and Meadowhall Shopping Centre. Several emission scenarios were tested, which showed that NOx concentrations were mainly controlled by road traffic, whereas PM10 concentrations were controlled by point sources. Spatiotemporal variability and public exposure to air pollution were analysed. NOx concentration was greater than 52 µg/m3 in about 8 km2 area, where more than 66 thousand people lived. Models validated by observations can be used to fill in spatiotemporal gaps in measured data. The approach used presents spatiotemporal situation awareness maps that could be used for decision making and improving the urban infrastructure.
Highlights
Air pollution has a significant negative impact on urban areas, especially in large megacities and roadside locations, where air pollution has become a growing issue for public health
This paper presents a spatiotemporal analysis of the 2 air pollutants (PM10 and NOx) sources, emissions and atmospheric concentrations in the city of Sheffield, United Kingdom
Sheffield City Centre probably experiences the highest levels of NOx, which is mainly due to the high level of road traffic, but various point and area sources contribute
Summary
Air pollution has a significant negative impact on urban areas, especially in large megacities and roadside locations, where air pollution has become a growing issue for public health. Air pollution is causing numerous human health and environmental problems. 2.5 μm (PM2.5 ), is considered the most serious environmental risk to public health in urban areas in the UK [1]. Air pollutants (e.g., NO2 and PM10 ) emitted by various emission sources are reported to cause heart disease, lung cancer and both chronic and acute respiratory diseases including asthma [2]. Air pollution models are numerical tools for describing the causal relationship of atmospheric pollutant concentrations with emissions, meteorology, deposition, chemical transformation and other
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