Abstract
The limitation associated with Fourier transform and wavelet analysis that they often fail to produce satisfactory resolution simultaneously in time and frequency when dealing with nonlinear and nonstationary signals is frequently encountered. Therefore, this paper aims at using the HHT (Hilbert–Huang transform) method, which is built on the basis of the EMD- (empirical mode decomposition-) based wavelet threshold denoising technique and the Hilbert transform, to analyze the blasting vibration signals in a south China lead-zinc mine. The analysis is conducted in terms of three-dimensional Hilbert spectrum, marginal spectrum, and instantaneous energy spectrum. The results indicate that the frequencies of the blasting vibration signals lie mainly within 0∼200 Hz, which consists of more than 90% of the total signal energy. At the onset of the blasting, the vibration frequency tends to be low, with the frequency that is less than 50 Hz being dominant. By using instantaneous energy spectrum, which can reveal the condition of energy release for detonator explosion, the initiation moments of detonators with 7 time-lag levels are accurately identified. This accurate identification demonstrates the superiority of the HHT method in coping with nonlinear and nonstationary signals. Additionally, the HHT method that is characterized by adaptivity, completeness, strong reconfigurability, and high accuracy provides an opportunity for reflecting signals’ change features with regard to time domain, frequency domain, and energy irrespective of the limitation of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Pier Paolo Rossi e limitation associated with Fourier transform and wavelet analysis that they often fail to produce satisfactory resolution simultaneously in time and frequency when dealing with nonlinear and nonstationary signals is frequently encountered
Erefore, this paper aims at using the HHT (Hilbert–Huang transform) method, which is built on the basis of the EMD(empirical mode decomposition-) based wavelet threshold denoising technique and the Hilbert transform, to analyze the blasting vibration signals in a south China lead-zinc mine. e analysis is conducted in terms of three-dimensional Hilbert spectrum, marginal spectrum, and instantaneous energy spectrum. e results indicate that the frequencies of the blasting vibration signals lie mainly within 0∼200 Hz, which consists of more than 90% of the total signal energy
By using instantaneous energy spectrum, which can reveal the condition of energy release for detonator explosion, the initiation moments of detonators with 7 time-lag levels are accurately identified. is accurate identification demonstrates the superiority of the HHT method in coping with nonlinear and nonstationary signals
Summary
The objective of this paper is to use the HHT method to analyze the blasting vibration signals in a south China lead-zinc mine in terms of three-dimensional Hilbert spectrum, marginal spectrum, and instantaneous energy spectrum. E EMD method hypothesizes that a signal is a compound signal consisting of different IMFs Each of these IMF components must satisfy the following: (1) over the entire time series, the number of extrema and zero crossing point must be equal or differ at most by one; and (2) at any point, the mean value of the envelope defined by the local maxima and the envelope defined by the local minima is zero. It is requisite to define instantaneous frequency as ω dφ(t)/dt. erefore, the Hilbert transform
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