Abstract
To increase the ultrasonic intensity and power of a piezoelectric transducer, a cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with the three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks is analyzed. The cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer consists of four metal cylinders and three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks in the longitudinal direction. In analysis, the electromechanical equivalent circuit of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is obtained, as well as the resonance/anti-resonance frequencies equations. By means of an analytical method, when the position of piezoelectric ceramic stacks PZT-2/PZT-3 changes, the resonance/anti-resonance frequencies and the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer have certain characteristics. Several prototypes of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer are manufactured. The experimentally measured resonance frequencies are in good agreement with the theoretical and simulated results. The cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks presented in this paper is expected to be used in the field of high power ultrasound.
Highlights
Piezoelectric ceramic transducers are widely used in power ultrasound fields, due to their small size, light weight, and high efficiency, for applications such as ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic welding, ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic cutting, ultrasonic vegetable dehydration, and energy harvesting [1–8]
Sandwich piezoelectric transducers have the advantages of high efficiency, good heat dissipation performance, and easy changes of operating frequency and performance parameters [9–13]
Sandwich piezoelectric transducers are valued by researchers
Summary
Piezoelectric ceramic transducers are widely used in power ultrasound fields, due to their small size, light weight, and high efficiency, for applications such as ultrasonic machining, ultrasonic welding, ultrasonic cleaning, ultrasonic cutting, ultrasonic vegetable dehydration, and energy harvesting [1–8]. With the purpose of improving the performance parameters of the sandwich piezoelectric ceramic transducer, substantial studies have been conducted. Lin studied the resonance/anti-resonance frequencies, the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient, and the mechanical quality factor of a sandwich piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer; Sensors 2019, 19, 580; doi:10.3390/s19030580 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors. Xu et al analyzed vibration of composite cylindrical piezoelectric transducers order to increase the outputcoupled power and improve the sound radiating efficiency [20,21]. Four metal cylinders and three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks are connected together in series in series mechanically and in parallel electrically. Compared to traditional sandwich piezoelectric ceramic ceramic transducers, the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with three sets of piezoelectric transducers, thecan cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonicultrasonic transducer with three setsconductive of piezoelectric ceramic ceramic stacks multiply ultrasonic intensity, power, and heat performance.
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