Abstract
This paper investigates a piezoelectric energy harvester that consists of a piezoelectric cantilever and a tip mass for horizontal rotational motion. Rotational motion results in centrifugal force, which causes the axial load on the beam and alters the resonant frequency of the system. The piezoelectric energy harvester is installed on a rotational hub in three orientations—inward, outward, and tilted configurations—to examine their influence on the performance of the harvester. The theoretical model of the piezoelectric energy harvester is developed to explain the dynamics of the system and experiments are conducted to validate the model. Theoretical and experimental studies are presented with various tilt angles and distances between the harvester and the rotating center. The results show that the installation distance and the tilt angle can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the system to match the excitation frequency.
Highlights
Piezoelectric energy harvesting has attracted great attention in the past decade because of the demand for self-powered electronics, such as sensors [1,2,3,4], pacemakers [5,6], and mobile devices [7]
The centrifugal force resulted in tensile force on the beam so the resonant frequency increased as the driving frequency rose
The matching frequencies, which are are located at intersections between the solid lines and the dashed line, indicate that the resonant located at intersections between the solid lines and the dashed line, indicate that the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) matched the driving frequency
Summary
Piezoelectric energy harvesting has attracted great attention in the past decade because of the demand for self-powered electronics, such as sensors [1,2,3,4], pacemakers [5,6], and mobile devices [7]. A conventional piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) has a cantilever structure with one or two piezoelectric patches attached for power generation. A cantilevered PEH has the advantage of simplicity, its resonant frequency needs to be properly tuned to match the excitation frequency in order to achieve high power output. In order to improve performance, different techniques have been adopted to achieve frequency tuning for piezoelectric energy harvesting from rectilinear excitations. Magnetic force [17,18,19] has been used to change the equivalent stiffness of PEHs. Alternatively to mechanical tuning, Moral et al [20] and Brenes et al [21] utilized the synchronized electrical charge extraction technique to perform frequency tuning for a strongly coupled piezoelectric energy harvester
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