Analysis of 206 oncohematological patients admitted to the intensive care unit

Abstract

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) provides support that includes oncohematology (OH) patients. There is tendency to delay admission of this patients to the unit. Currently, advances in the molecular biology of specific mutations; advances in stem cell transplant and immunotherapy have produced a change in the prognosis of patients. A descriptive, retrospective cohort study was carried out in adult patients with oncohematological diseases who were admitted to the ICU, in the period from January 2009 to February 2021 to evaluate mortality in the unit as the main objective as well as associations between epidemiological, clinical variables and others related to the oncohematological situation and mortality during this period. 206 patients were included. The median age was 59years (IQR: 46-68). The median on days of hospitalization was 15 (IQR: 8-28) whilst the median of days in the ICU was 5 (3-8). Mortality was evaluated at the time of discharge from the ICU, reaching 45% (93 patients), 47% at 30days and 49% at 60days, respectively. The median survival of the global population was 15.5days (IQR: 4.25-60). The median APACHE II scored 22 points (IQR: 15-25). A statistically significant relationship was found in the multivariate analysis for mortality with the APACHE II variables (p = 0.0001) and the requirement for mechanical ventilation (p = 0.021). Using the ROC curve method, the APACHE II score value of 22 was obtained as the point of greatest statistical significance. The log rank test method was used to compare patients with a value greater or less than 22. In conclusion, the value of 22 points scored on APACHE II and the requirement for mechanical ventilation served to discriminate between two groups of patients with different prognosis.