Abstract
The Impact Echo (IE) method is a widely used method for the detection of concrete structures. The signal has non-stationary characteristics. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is one of the typical ways of dealing with non-stationary signals. Due to EMD having mode overlap and a breakpoint effect, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) has been proposed to overcome these problems. In this study, VMD is introduced into the analysis of the concrete component detection signals, and the impact echo analysis method based on VMD and marginal spectrum is established. The proposed method to solve the marginal spectrum is used in order to analyze the numerical simulation model’s IE signal. This method is able to correctly obtain the main frequency. When compared with the traditional Fourier spectrum, the marginal spectrum that is based on the VMD method shows that the band width that is present in the main frequency is narrow. Even in the presence of a highly noisy background, the method is able to correctly obtain the main frequency. At last, through the detection signal analysis of the non-defective concrete specimen and the concrete specimen with the circular hole, the results show that the proposed method can distinguish the signal in the different defective states of the concrete structures, which has obvious advantages compared with the Fourier spectrum.
Highlights
The Impact-Echo method (IE) is one kind of non-destructive testing technology of concrete developed during the mid-1980s [1,2,3]
Based on the Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Hilbert transforms theories, the VMD marginal spectrum analysis method was proposed for the IE signal analysis
In IE numerical model and the concrete model test experiments, the VMD analysis method was used to process test signal, and its analysis results were compared with the traditional Fourier transform spectrum analysis
Summary
The Impact-Echo method (IE) is one kind of non-destructive testing technology of concrete developed during the mid-1980s [1,2,3]. The Fourier transform is used to solve the vibration signal spectrum to obtain the concrete component thickness according to the frequency and apparent velocity. The shock echo is from the bottom of the reflection and reflection from the defect This phenomenon makes the Fourier transform spectrum appear at multiple peaks. Based on the VMD and Hilbert transforms, the marginal spectrum of the IE signal was proposed to identify the thickness and defects of the concrete structure. Through collecting IE signal with numerical simulation and IE signal on one non-defective concrete specimen and one concrete specimen with circular holes, the VMD marginal spectrum and Fourier Spectrum was analyzed to study the applicability of our proposed method in the research
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