Abstract
This study aims to explain the effective induction efficiency of laser in the laser-gas tungsten arc (GTA) hybrid welding process by arc plasma characteristics and keyhole behaviors analysis during the process experiment, the real-time monitoring, and the theoretical analysis. The emission spectrum of the arc plasma was acquired by a spectrometer, and the dynamic keyhole behaviors were synchronously observed using a high-speed camera. The electron temperature and the ratio of resistivity of the arc plasma were calculated. Results indicate that defocusing distance greatly affects the effective induction efficiency of the laser in hybrid welding, and an appropriate defocusing distance can maximize the effective induction efficiency of the laser. The main reason is that the defocusing distance influences arc plasma characteristics and keyhole behaviors, and these determine the coupling discharge of laser-induced plasma and GTA plasma. Finally, by comparing the effective induction efficiency of the laser at different defocusing distances, it was found that when the laser focuses inside the keyhole, the induction efficiency is more effective.
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