Abstract
The lateral resistance of dowel-type connections with CLT is related to its lay-up, species of the laminations and even the manufacture method. Treating the CLT as homogeneous material, current methods develop new equations through test results or make use of the existing equations for the embedment strength already used in design codes; thus, the lateral resistance of dowel-type connections of CLT can be calculated. This kind of approach does not take the embedment stress distribution into account, which may lead to inaccuracy in predicting the lateral resistance and yield mode of the dowel-type connections in CLT. In this study, tests of the bolted connections and the screwed connections of CLT were conducted by considering the effects of the orientation of the laminations, the thickness of the connected members, the fastener diameter and strength of the materials. The material properties including yield strength of the fasteners and embedment strength of the CLT laminations were also tested. Using analysis of the dowel-type connections of CLT by introducing the equivalent embedment stress distribution, equations for the lateral resistance of the connections based on the European Yield Model were developed. The predicted lateral resistance and yield modes were in good agreement with the test results; the correctness and the feasibility of the equations were thus validated.
Highlights
According to the European Yield Model (EYM) [14], a fastener is assumed as a beam loaded by the embedment stress due to interactions between the fastener and wood
The lateral resistance calculated using methods proposed by Uibel and Blaß [19,20] and NDS-2018 [27] are listed in Table 5, together with the corresponding verification coefficients
The tests conducted in this study showed that the structural performance of the bolted connections of CLT can be different from that of the screwed connections, and the former develop better plasticity than the latter, due to the higher strength and more significant strain-hardening behavior of the screws, the different definitions of the yield load between the bolted and screwed connections
Summary
The relatively high in-plane stiffness and dimension stability along with the need of green building materials make CLT an alternative to concrete and steel [3]. A lot of experimental and numerical research on material properties of CLT and CLT members is being conducted [4,5,6,7,8]. Bolted or screwed connections play a vital role of providing resistance, stiffness and ductility for CLT buildings [9,10]. Experimental investigations showed that the primary damage of CLT buildings subjected to lateral load is concentrated on the connections [11,12,13]. Calculations of the lateral resistance of such dowel-type connections of CLT are, fundamental to the design of the CLT buildings. According to the European Yield Model (EYM) [14], a fastener is assumed as a beam loaded by the embedment stress due to interactions between the fastener and wood
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