Abstract
Reproduction in goat is highly impeded by implantation failure. Of concern, the underlying mechanism leading to embryo implantation remains unclear. In this study, deep sequencing was employed through strand-specific Ribo-Zero RNA-Seq to characterize transcriptome changes in the endometrium during the maternal recognition of pregnancy. A total of 996 differential transcripts (115 lncRNAs and 881 mRNAs) existing between the pregnant and non-pregnant endometrium were revealed through bioinformatics analysis. The screening was performed on lncRNAs (XR_001918173.1, LNC_002760, and LNC_000599) and LNC_009053, to determine their potential role in regulating the synthesis of retinol and endometrium remolding through the proteasome pathway, respectively. The hypothesis of whether certain lncRNAs, namely, LNC_007223, LNC_005256, and LNC_010092 could play important roles in embryo implantation was tested. These novel findings are of paramount relevance to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of embryo implantation and uncover new targets to improve goat reproduction.
Highlights
Goats are important economic animals as they provide agricultural products, including milk, wool, and meat (Zhan et al, 2016)
Goat farming significantly depends on efficient reproduction; it is affected by endometrial receptivity, associated with a successful establishment of pregnancy in mammals (Simmons and Kennedy, 2002)
Apart from the antiluteolytic actions, IFNT acts on the endometrium to either improve or induce the expression of IFNT-stimulated genes (ISGs) that are hypothesized to regulate endometrium receptivity to embryo implantation and pregnancy (Hansen et al, 1999; Spencer et al, 2004b)
Summary
Goats are important economic animals as they provide agricultural products, including milk, wool, and meat (Zhan et al, 2016). IFNT is the maternal pregnancy recognition signal that potentially inhibits the expression of estrogen receptor α and mediates antiluteolytic actions (Bazer et al, 1991, 2011). Apart from the antiluteolytic actions, IFNT acts on the endometrium to either improve or induce the expression of IFNT-stimulated genes (ISGs) that are hypothesized to regulate endometrium receptivity to embryo implantation and pregnancy (Hansen et al, 1999; Spencer et al, 2004b). The uterine endometrium undergoes dramatic morphological and functional changes induced by pregnancy recognition signal to prepare the endometrium to be receptive for the qualified embryo implantation (Pan et al, 2007; Altmäe et al, 2013). Uncovering the associated molecular regulation mechanisms of endometrial changes during the period of “window of implantation” will be of paramount importance in achieving successful implantation
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