Abstract

在月面采样任务中,受土壤反作用力、能耗等因素影响,机械臂采样位形会影响其采样性能。为了准确评估采样位形对采样性能的影响,提高采样任务执行的可靠性,提出了机械臂采样位形分析方法与优选策略。首先,分析机械臂与采样器、采样器与铲挖执行机构之间的耦合关系,建立机械臂与采样器的联合动力学模型;其次,分析采样过程中机械臂位形与土壤反作用力、机械臂末端抗偏移能力、关节运动行程以及运动能耗之间的关系,并构建量化指标对采样性能进行评估;进而,根据构建的采样性能评价指标,构建考虑采样点区域、关节轨迹等多种约束的多目标最优化问题框架,设计基于NSGA-2多目标遗传算法的采样位形优选策略;最后,以嫦娥五号采样机械臂为对象进行实验分析。实验结果验证了本文提出的采样位形分析方法与优选策略的有效性,相关结论也为嫦娥五号采样机械臂实际采样指令的生成提供了参考依据。

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