ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL CONTROL OF HIV GROWTH MODEL IN THE BODY WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that affects the human immune system. HIV infection causes a decrease in the body's immunity because the virus attacks immune-building cells, especially T-CD4 cells. Currently, there is no treatment that can cure or eliminate HIV, but antiretroviral therapy can be done. This study discusses the growth model of HIV in the body that is given control in an effort to maximize healthy T-CD4 cells. In this model, the infection-free and infected equilibrium points are also discussed and their stability is analyzed. Then the optimal control is solved using the Pontryagin Maximum Principle method and solved numerically using the fourth-order Runge Kutta method. Based on the analysis and simulation results, the system is asymptotically stable around the infection-free equilibrium point and unstable around the infected equilibrium point. Simulation results show that with the control of antiretroviral therapy, the T-CD4 cell population grows significantly which can improve the quality of life of patients. And the growth of HIV in the body can be inhibited until it cannot reproduce itself.