Analysis and Management of Adverse Drug Reactions after Injection of Amphotericin B in AIDS Patients with Fungal Infection

Caifeng Yan,Qing Lin,Buqing Su,Xiaoye Su,Lida Mo,Hanzhen Su

doi:10.4236/ns.2022.142007

Abstract

Objective: To understand the condition of adverse drug reactions and the treatment procedures of amphotericin B for injection in patients with AIDS complicated with fungal infection. Methods: For the research object, a retrospective analysis of adverse reactions of amphotericin B injection in 121 patients of AIDS complicated with fungal infection was reported in our hospital from October 2017 to June 2021 to observe the adverse drug reactions of patients after treatment with amphotericin B for injection, 87 cases with general degree (regarded as the general group) and 34 cases with serious degree (regarded as the serious group), and analyze the general data, medication and course of disease of the two groups for symptomatic treatment. Results: Adverse reactions such as hypokalemia, abnormal liver function, renal impairment, leucopenia and drug fever were more common in the two groups, and there were also many adverse reactions such as bone marrow suppression, rash, anemia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, dizziness, pruritus, angina pectoris, vertigo, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The rates of leukopenia and drug fever in general group were significantly lower than those in severe group (P < 0.05); in the dose of amphotericin B used, the rate of using 25 mg and more than 25 mg in the general group was significantly lower than that in the severe group (P < 0.05). After symptomatic treat-ment, most patients have improved, and a few are unknown or have not improved. Con-clusion: Amphotericin B for injection has great side effects and will cause different degrees of adverse drug reactions. The dose of amphotericin B for clinical treatment should be ad-justed and disposed according to the adverse reactions to avoid serious consequences.

Highlights

Adverse drug reactions refer to the harmful reactions of qualified drugs that have nothing to do with the purpose of medication under the normal usage and dosage
For patients with adverse reactions, a general group (87 cases) and a severe group (34 cases) were set up to analyze the different types of adverse reactions in the two groups; In addition, gender, age, body weight, fungal infection type, amphotericin B dose, adverse reaction time, drug withdrawal or reduction, course of disease, conversion and other indicators were compared in order to find out the way of appropriate drug adjustment and intervention according to the severity of adverse reaction
Among the 121 cases of AIDS complicated with fungal infection after injection of amphotericin B, 87 cases were identified as general adverse reactions, accounting for 71.90%, and 34 cases of severe adverse reactions, accounting for 28.10%

Summary

Introduction

Adverse drug reactions refer to the harmful reactions of qualified drugs that have nothing to do with the purpose of medication under the normal usage and dosage. Adverse reactions vary in size and strength. They can make people feel uncomfortable, make the disease worse, cause new diseases, and even kill people. The adverse drug reactions of amphotericin B include severe toxicity, such as fever, headache, chills, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other adverse reactions. Amphotericin B belongs to polyene antifungal drugs which have been on the market for more than 50 years. It has antibacterial activity against most fungi and is cheap. In order to understand the adverse drug reactions and disposition process of amphotericin B injection in AIDS patients with fungal infection, the adverse reactions of amphotericin B injected in 121 cases of AIDS complicated with fungal infection were analyzed and disposed

Methods

Results

Conclusion