Abstract
ObjectivesTo determine the incidence rate of measles and the factors associated with confirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts.MethodsCross-sectional analysis was carried out looking at all suspected and laboratory-confirmed measles cases in Larut, Matang and Selama districts between 2015 and 2019. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors for laboratory-confirmed measles cases.ResultsThe incidence rate for suspected measles showed an increasing trend from 2015–2019. For laboratory-confirmed measles cases, the incidence rate showed more variation with an increase to 36.11 per million population in 2017 from 5.67 per million population in 2015. The incidence rate later decreased to 10.99 per million population in 2018 and increased again to 24.47 per million population in 2019. From multiple logistic regression analysis, cases that fulfilled the case definition of measles were more likely to be laboratory-confirmed measles. On the other hand, a prior history of measles immunisation was a protective factor.ConclusionMeasles incidence is increasing in trend. Any suspected measles cases that fulfilled the clinical case definitions need to be further investigated. Immunisation should be promoted as they are effective in preventing and eliminating measles.
Highlights
IntroductionThe mode of transmission is by droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of an infected person to another person [2]
A cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 January 2020 and January 2020, for all cases reported as suspected measles in the online measles surveillance database (e-measles and ‘e-notifikasi’) between 1 January 2015 and December 2019, in the districts of Larut, Matang and Selama in Perak
Between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019, 359 cases of suspected measles were reported in Larut, Matang and Selama districts
Summary
The mode of transmission is by droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of an infected person to another person [2]. It normally manifests as symptoms of high fever associated with cough, coryza and conjunctivitis after an average incubation period of 10–12 days from exposure [3]. In the 1980s, measles was believed to be responsible for around one to two million deaths per year, mostly in developing countries, mainly for children aged 6 years and younger [5]. The estimated case fatality rate for measles is believed to be between 0.05% and 6%, with it being worse in situations of conflict [6].
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