Abstract
With the rapid development of world economy and trade and the continuous construction of green port, automated container terminal (ACT) has increasingly become the direction of future development. Layout design is the premise of ACT construction, which has an at least 50-year influence on the terminal. Therefore, this paper hopes to analyze and design the typical ACT layout to achieve sustainable development of the port. Firstly, a conceptual model is presented considering the interaction between different areas within the ACT when the width and length of the terminal are fixed. To select the optimal layout to achieve the goal of the green terminal, a novel mathematical model is established based on the energy consumption during cycle operation of various devices which can estimate the total carbon emission of an ACT over a period and is suitable for designing period. Then, with the developed model, an ACT in East China was taken as a case study. Finally, according to various analysis of the data results, the layout suggestion considering the sustainable development of the port is given.
Highlights
As the important hub for the realization of land and sea logistics transportation, container terminals play an extremely crucial role in the world’s economic trade, and containerized trade accounts for 17.1% of total seaborne trade [1]
The main contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows: 1. A novel total CO2 emission model of equipment in automated container terminal (ACT) based on equipment periodic operation process is presented, which can help dock designers calculate the carbon emissions of a wharf according to throughput and equipment type when designing terminal
Based on the analysis of data of the case study, the following suggestions were obtained: (1) Vessels are the largest carbon emission equipment in a wharf, and the direction of reducing carbon emissions from ports in the future can focus on improving the emissions of ships, such as using automatic mooring system (AMS), replacing oil-driven ships with electric ones or reducing time of berth by improving terminal efficiency
Summary
As the important hub for the realization of land and sea logistics transportation, container terminals play an extremely crucial role in the world’s economic trade, and containerized trade accounts for 17.1% of total seaborne trade [1]. As shown, carbon emissions from the Los Angeles port have been controlled over the past decade since the implementation of CCAP in 2005, there has been slight fluctuations in carbon emissions in recent years as a result of the increase in the number of containers (The port of Los Angeles (POLA) and the port of Long Beach have established the San Pedro Bay Ports Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP) to reduce pollution from their production since 2005. This paper seeks to optimize the layout of ACTs with the lowest carbon emissions by establishing a carbon emission calculation model based on the energy consumption during cyclic operation of various devices in the ACT, which can provide advice for future ACTs construction.
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