Abstract
The New Urban Agenda (NUA) sets a new vision of sustainable urban development to help cities deal with the challenges of changing demography. While numerous articles have addressed how the NUA can be implemented at different levels and in different areas, this article points out the potential limitations in incorporating the NUA into metropolitan transport policies. The relevance of the limitations can be seen in three main fields: incompatibility between legal and financial frameworks and the functional and spatial structures of metropolitan areas, the characteristics of how transport systems are developed as part of metropolitan functional and spatial structures and the inconsistency and inadequacy between political declarations (NUA) which are based on ideas and programmes and the objectives of strategy papers which are based on diagnoses, data analyses and predictive models. The authors put forward the thesis that by concentrating on cities, the NUA leaves out some of the characteristics of metropolitan areas. As a consequence, although the NUA can work successfully for metropolitan cores, outer areas are not covered directly. In order to verify the thesis, a comparison was made between the NUA’s transport system approach with experience from running and planning metropolitan transport systems described in the literature. The results of the comparative analysis, confirmed the thesis of the authors and made it possible to formulate general conclusions regarding the specific conditions of metropolitan areas for the running and developing of the transport system. By using explanatory case study of Tri-City Metropolitan Area (TMA) and the Strategy for Transport and Mobility for TMA 2030 general assumptions were confirmed and explain in more details. The NUA and STM were compared for how they address the main areas of intervention related to transport. Differences were identified and recommendations were formulated, should the documents be updated. The STM must be updated in areas such as equity and climate change mitigations while the NUA should be expanded to cover the specific conditions that prevail in functional and metropolitan areas.
Highlights
More than 50% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a large part of it in metropolitan areas
The sthsechurebmana(tNicUaAll)yanpdremseetnrotpeodlitainn Ftraignsuproert1s.ystem (STM) must be updated in areas such as equity and climate change mitigations while the New Urban Agenda (NUA) should be expanded to cover the specific conditions that prevail in functional and metropolitan areas
The objective of this article is to enrich the knowledge on how to plan and implement sustainable development effectively by identifying potential inconsistencies and inadequacies of the political declarations (NUA) which are based on ideas and programmes and the goals contained in strategy papers which are formulated on the basis of diagnoses, data analyses and predictive modelling
Summary
More than 50% of the world’s population lives in urban areas, a large part of it in metropolitan areas. It is predicted that by 2050 70% of the population will live in urban areas [1] In this situation, it is questionable if the cities are sufficiently equipped to keep pace with this demographic pressure. This document sets a new global standard for sustainable urban development and helps to rethink how life in the cities can be planned and managed. Reflecting the complexity of urban structures, the new agenda covers a broad set of topics, where transport and mobility find their place or interact with: other technical infrastructure, urban planning, public space, housing, land use, real estate, energy efficiency, cultural heritage, good governance, regional cooperation, inclusion, equality, gender issue, anti-discrimination, participation, education, health, economy, industry, resilience, disaster risk reduction and financing
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