Abstract
The transport sector’s energy consumption in Pakistan is increasing rapidly and creating growing environmental concerns. Estimating and evaluating energy efficiencies of transport modes are important for sustainability. This study aims to estimate the energy efficiency of both rail and road transport using a non-parametric approach called data envelopment analysis (DEA). We also traced the patterns of energy efficiency over the period between 1980 and 2018. Results show that rail transport was only 36% efficient in 1980 as compared to its relative maximum efficiency (100%) in 2018. However, road’s relative efficiency in 2016 was only 79% as compared to the relative best efficiency (100%). A future modal split of passenger and freight transport from road to rail could save energy.
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