Abstract
BackgroundSudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by the ascomycete fungus, Fusarium virguliforme, exhibits root necrosis and leaf scorch or foliar SDS. The pathogen has never been identified from the above ground diseased foliar tissues. Foliar SDS is believed to be caused by host selective toxins, including FvTox1, secreted by the fungus. This study investigated if the xylem sap of F. virguliforme-infected soybean plants contains secreted F. virguliforme-proteins, some of which could cause foliar SDS development.ResultsXylem sap samples were collected from five biological replications of F. virguliforme-infected and uninfected soybean plants under controlled conditions. We identified five F. virguliforme proteins from the xylem sap of the F. virguliforme-infected soybean plants by conducting LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. These five proteins were also present in the excreted proteome of the pathogen in culture filtrates. One of these proteins showed high sequence identity to cerato-platanin, a phytotoxin produced by Ceratocystis fimbriata f. sp. platani to cause canker stain disease in the plane tree. Of over 500 soybean proteins identified in this study, 112 were present in at least 80% of the sap samples collected from F. virguliforme-infected and -uninfected control plants. We have identified four soybean defense proteins from the xylem sap of F. virguliforme-infected soybean plants. The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD000873.ConclusionThis study confirms that a few F. virguliforme proteins travel through the xylem, some of which could be involved in foliar SDS development. We have identified five candidate proteinaceous toxins, one of which showed high similarity to a previously characterized phytotoxin. We have also shown the presence of four soybean defense proteins in the xylem sap of F. virguliforme-infected soybean plants. This study laid the foundation for studying the molecular basis of foliar SDS development in soybean and possible defense mechanisms that may be involved in conferring immunity against F. virguliforme and other soybean pathogens.
Highlights
Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is an important soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) disease in US, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia [1,2,3]
In order to identify proteins involved in foliar SDS, the protein profiles of xylem sap samples collected from the F. virguliformeinfected and -uninfected plants were compared by fractionating the sap samples on 12% SDS-PAGE gels
This study identified five secreted F. virguliforme proteins from the xylem sap of soybean plants infected with F. virguliforme
Summary
Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is an important soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) disease in US, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia [1,2,3]. SDS ranks second after soybean cyst nematode (SCN) in terms of yield suppression caused by these diseases in soybean [5]. Nov., and F. virguliforme, can cause sudden death syndrome across the world. All four species except F. virguliforme cause SDS in Brazil. F. cuneirostrum and F. virguliforme are causal agents of SDS in Argentina. Sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by the ascomycete fungus, Fusarium virguliforme, exhibits root necrosis and leaf scorch or foliar SDS. This study investigated if the xylem sap of F. virguliforme-infected soybean plants contains secreted F. virguliforme-proteins, some of which could cause foliar SDS development
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
