Analyses of the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty and alendronate sodium on thoracolumbar vertebral fracture and the risk factors of fracture.

Abstract

The present study investigated the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty and alendronate sodium on thoracolumbar vertebral fracture, and the risk factors leading to the recurrence of fracture. In the present study, a total of 80 patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture who were admitted to the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College between January 2014 and March 2016 for combination treatment of percutaneous kyphoplasty and alendronate sodium were enrolled. According to the recurrence of fracture, the patients were divided into two groups, the observation group (patients with fracture recurrence, n=40) and control group (patients with no fracture recurrence, n=40). All patients participated in a 1-year follow-up. The recurrence of fracture and the site of fracture were identified through the clinical symptoms and examination of the spine using magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, comparisons of the time of alleviation in numbness of lower limb and that in pains in waist and legs were carried out. Furthermore, statistics on the adverse reactions during intervention in the two groups were also collected; changes in visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) of pains at different time points in two groups were also observed. One-way analysis and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the relevant risk factors. Alleviation time in numbness of lower legs in patients of the control group was significantly earlier than that in the observation group (P<0.05) and the alleviation time in pains of the waist and legs of patients in the control group was also significantly earlier than that in the observation group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the incidence rates of abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation and hypocalcemiain in the control group were also significantly lower compared with those in the observation group (P<0.05). One week, one month and one year after operation, the scores of VAS of pains and ODI in the control group were significantly lower compared with those in the observation group in the same period (P<0.05). Lower preoperative bone density and exosmosis of bone cement in treatment were the independent risk factors leading to the recurrence of fracture. For patients with thoracolumbar vertebral fracture who received the combination treatment of percutaneous kyphoplasty and alendronate sodium, there underlies an important correlation between the recurrence rate of fracture and the preoperative bone density as well as the exosmosis of bone cement in operation.