Abstract
The rigid–plastic finite-boundary-element method (FBEM) does not need repetitive calculations in any computing step, therefore it can save computing time and avoid the possibility of divergence that exists with repetitive calculations. In addition, since this method does not need the flow-stress characteristics of the material for calculations in the case of strain analyses, it can be applied effectively to many materials and forming temperatures where the flow-stress-characteristics data of the material is not known. These merits of the FBEM, which the traditional rigid–plastic finite-element methods (FEM) do not possess, are used in the analyses of forging processes presented in this paper.
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