Analyse comparative des phrases interrogatives en mandarin standard et en mandarin du nord-est

Abstract

Northeastern Mandarin is syntactically close to the standard Mandarin. Concerning interrogative sentences, their distinction consists principally in the fact that in certain types of interrogation such as total direct interrogation, we use the interrogative morpheme 吗 ma in standard Mandarin whereas in Northeastern Mandarin, 不 bu (without tone) is used frequently, while吗 ma becomes its contextual variant, appearing only in the interrogative-negative sentence. It is interesting to see that in standard Mandarin as well as in Northeastern Mandarin, 不 bù pronounced in descending tone is an adverb of negation. In fact, 不 bu "interrogative" is related to 不 bù "negation". We will show that in total disjunctive or implicit interrogation, 不 bu is an interrogative marker with its negative trait, while in other types 不 bu loses negative meaning completely by becoming a simple interrogative marker.