Analogias ecológicas entre as assembléias de peixes de fundo dos estuários da Laguna dos Patos, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil e York River, Virginia, EUA

Abstract

The structure of estuarine fish assemblages at temperate latitudes in Patos Lagoon (32°05’S, 52°04’W), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and York River (37°17’N, 76°33’W), Virginia, USA was compared using mid and late 1970’s data from bottom collection to investigate whether geographically isolated fish assemblages have similar structure given similar latitudinal positions on the warm-temperate southwestern and northwestern Atlantic regions, respectively. Since estuarine species often exhibit an ontogenetic shift in habitat requirements or preferences we examined Capture per Unity of Effort by size class (CPUE-SC) and split species into “size taxa” (SET) for analysis. The use of CPUE-SC also allowed the abundance of a SET to be computed by summing the mean CPUE of each size class within that SET and use this information to follows SET’s temporal and or spatial abundance. A total of 65 and 63 species was collected during a year of bottom trawling in the Patos Lagoon and York River estuaries, respectively. In both localities the strongest modal size class was < 80 mm TL, and several abundant species were smaller than 100 mm TL. The size between 80 and 100 TL effectively separated several species into discrete SET’s in both systems. Those SET’s could have different ecological preferences, temporal and spatial distributions and so identified as different ecological taxa. In warm months, when predation by large fish is most likely, the abundance of fish between 80 and 100 mm TL in bottom trawl demersal fish assemblages was low in both systems. Only the sea catfishes, in Patos Lagoon, protected by strong dorsal and pectoral spines, and the Hogchoker, in the York River, protected by burrowing in the bottom substrate, peak in abundance at this size class. The seasonal pattern of estuarine use was similar between localities and did not differ from other warm-temperate estuarine fish assemblages.